Enhanced reactivity of Li⁺@C₆₀ toward thermal [2 + 2] cycloaddition by encapsulated Li⁺ Lewis acid

• Hiroshi Ueno,
• Yu Yamazaki,
• Hiroshi Okada,
• Fuminori Misaizu,
• Ken Kokubo and
• Hidehiro Sakurai

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 653–660, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.58

• derivatization of this novel material. In this study, we report the synthesis of Li+@C60 derivatives via the thermal [2 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of styrene derivatives, achieving significantly higher yields of monofunctionalized Li+@C60 compared to previously reported reactions. Furthermore, by combining

• experimental and theoretical approaches, we clarified the range of applicable substrates for the thermal [2 + 2] cycloaddition of Li+@C60, highlighting the expanded scope of this straightforward and selective functionalization method. Keywords: electron transfer; fullerene; ion-endohedral fullerene; Lewis

• acid catalyst; thermal [2 + 2] cycloaddition; Introduction Chemical functionalization of fullerenes is a fascinating and extensively studied approach, playing a pivotal role in fullerene-based materials science to introduce various characteristic functionalities [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Significant

Synthesis and in silico screening of a library of β-carboline-containing compounds

• Kay M. Brummond,
• John R. Goodell,
• Matthew G. LaPorte,
• Lirong Wang and
• Xiang-Qun Xie

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 1048–1058, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.117

• Tantillo [6] regarding the thermal [2 + 2] cycloaddition reaction suggest that the energy barrier for this reaction should not be effected by the presence of two radical stabilizing groups over one, it was postulated that this cycloaddition process was facilitated by exposure to incident light [7]. Thus

Alkoxide-induced ring opening of bicyclic 2-vinylcyclobutanones: A convenient synthesis of 2-vinyl-substituted 3-cycloalkene-1-carboxylic acid esters

• Xiufang Ji,
• Zhiming Li,
• Quanrui Wang and
• Andreas Goeke

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 650–657, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.72

• derivatives. Frequently employed ones include the thermal [2 + 2] cycloaddition of ketenes to alkenes and the polar addition of cyclopropyl ylides to carbonyls [1][2]. These methods generally allow regioselective as well as stereoselective syntheses of extensively substituted four-membered ring carbocycles

Complete transfer of chirality in an intramolecular, thermal [2 + 2] cycloaddition of allene-ynes to form non-racemic spirooxindoles

• Kay M. Brummond and
• Joshua M. Osbourn

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2011, 7, 601–605, doi:10.3762/bjoc.7.70

• Kay M. Brummond Joshua M. Osbourn University of Pittsburgh, Department of Chemistry, Chevron Science Center, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA 10.3762/bjoc.7.70 Abstract A thermal [2 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of allene-ynes has been used to transform chiral non-racemic allenyl

A thermally-induced, tandem [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement/[2 + 2] cycloaddition approach to carbocyclic spirooxindoles

• Kay M. Brummond and
• Joshua M. Osbourn

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2010, 6, No. 33, doi:10.3762/bjoc.6.33

• observed, but are likely intermediates of an infrequently encountered thermal [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement of a propargylic acetate. Keywords: allene; propargylic acetate; spirooxindole; thermal [2 + 2] cycloaddition; thermal [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement; vinylidene indolin-2-one; Introduction

• discovery of new biological probes and pharmaceuticals [8]. We recently disclosed a thermal [2 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of allene-ynes to provide a variety of alkylidene cyclobutenes in good yields [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Notable features of this reaction were the stability of the

• vinylidene indolin-2-ones. A tandem [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement/[2 + 2] cycloaddition. A thermal [2 + 2] cycloaddition reaction. A tandem [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement/[2 + 2] cycloaddition. Synthesis of spirooxindoles. Supporting Information General methods, experimental and spectral data are